Microbiology 1-24
24 entries in the Microbiology compendium.
AmoebaShape-shifting unicellular organisms found across all eukaryotic lineages.AmoebozoaA major group of amoeboid protists, sister to fungi and animals.AlveolateA diverse clade of protists with cortical alveoli and tubular mitochondrial cristae.SporeA reproductive unit adapted for dispersal and survival.Antibiotic sensitivity testingLaboratory method to guide antibiotic therapy by testing bacterial resistance.Bacterial capsulePolysaccharide layer that shields bacteria and enables disease.Bacterial cell structureBacteria have unique cell structures including peptidoglycan cell walls.EndosporeA dormant, resilient bacterial survival form triggered by starvation.Endospore stainingA differential stain using heat to reveal bacterial endospores.ExtremophileOrganisms that thrive in extreme environments on Earth.FermentationAnaerobic metabolism producing ATP and organic end products.Anaerobic respirationRespiration without oxygen, using alternative electron acceptors.BiodegradationMicroorganisms break down organic matter over time.Biochemical cascadeA series of chemical reactions triggered by a cellular stimulus.BiosynthesisEnzyme-catalyzed synthesis of biological molecules in living organisms.CatabolismCatabolism breaks down molecules to release energy for cells.ChemosynthesisLife-sustaining process that converts inorganic compounds into organic matter.Citric acid cycleA central metabolic pathway for energy release in respiration.Electron transport chainSeries of redox reactions driving ATP synthesis via proton gradients.CytokineSmall proteins crucial for immune signaling and inflammation.DNA ligaseEnzyme that joins DNA strands by catalyzing phosphodiester bond formation.DNA polymeraseEnzymes that catalyze DNA synthesis and replication.DNA repairCellular processes that correct DNA damage.DNA replicationProcess by which cells duplicate their DNA for inheritance.
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