DNA repair

Lore & Background

DNA repair is constantly active as part of the DNA damage response (DDR). DNA is constantly modified by internal metabolic by-products and external ionizing radiation, ultraviolet light, and medicines, resulting in spontaneous DNA damage involving tens of thousands of individual molecular lesions per cell per day. The degree of DNA repair change within a cell depends on factors including cell type, cell age, and extracellular environment. A cell that has accumulated a large amount of DNA damage or can no longer effectively repair its DNA may enter senescence, apoptosis, or unregulated division leading to tumor formation.

Reader's Guide

DNA repair is vital to genome integrity and normal organism functionality. Many genes initially shown to influence life span have turned out to be involved in DNA damage repair and protection. Unrepaired lesions in critical genes can impede cell function and increase tumor formation likelihood. The vast majority of DNA damage affects the primary structure of the double helix, chemically modifying the bases themselves.

Did You Know?

• A weakened capacity for DNA repair is a risk factor for the development of cancer.
• DNA damage can be caused by both environmental factors and normal metabolic processes inside the cell.